North American Academic Research

The monthly journal from TWASP 
Online ISSN: 1945-9098
Impact Factor : 3.75 (2023)

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March 2021 Total article: 21


  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Sharma Ram Kripal , Dr. Gaofeng Zeng , Jianfeng Wu , Hongfa Yang , Kong Chen
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)281-292, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4662018
Abstract: This paper examines the present context of the study of the factors affecting anticoagulant therapy and prognosis in Atrial Fibrillation patients. It is notable that “Atrial fibrillation” is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. It is also the high-risk point factor of stroke in humans. The therapy “Anticoagulation can effect effectively on the stroke. Moreover, it is referred to as atrial fibrillation. Howbeit, the world of pharmacy referred to the standard anticoagulation of patients with atrial fibrillation is not very popular. Investigate the status of anticoagulation and its influencing factors to find the factors that affect anticoagulation therapy and provide a basis for guiding clinical decisions

Cite this article as: Sharma Ram Kripal , Dr. Gaofeng Zeng , Jianfeng Wu , Hongfa Yang , Kong Chen;  Real-World Study of The Factors Affecting the Anticoagulant Therapy and Prognosis in Atrial Fibrillation Patients;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)281-292, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4662018

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Graham Zimbudzana , Li Zheng
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)309-320, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4662033
Abstract: Recently the use of biomass to provide energy in Zimbabwe is estimated at 66% of the total energy used in the country. There has been a strong movement to use biomass resources for energy purposes in the past decade. Zimbabwe’s significant biomass resources are crops, animal excrement, refuse, and industrial waste materials. The study aims to determine the status and trends of biomass production in Zimbabwe between 2010 to 2019. The paper analyzes how biomass crops are grown and how they are utilized and how they present problems. This research was performed using a qualitative approach and is focused on secondary data obtained from various outlets, including journal papers, conference proceedings, government records, magazine articles searched through search engines. This study’s findings disclose that a total of 711 biomass plants in the country by the end of 2017, such as local plants, institutional plants, and households plants 90%, 8%, 2%, respectively. In these plants, 1% used pig manure, 8% sewage, 1% cow dung, and other digested local sources, while 90% used cattle faeces. In meat production, 97% of the working biomass is used for cooking, while 1% is used in poultry. The study determines that bioenergy is not as common as other types of energy. Education and communication concerning the benefits of biomass technology promote its use.

Cite this article as: Graham Zimbudzana , Li Zheng;  The Processing of Biomass Production in Zimbabwe from 2010 to 2019;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)309-320, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4662033

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Farrukh Uddin
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)293-308, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661407
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to present the supply chain performance scandals of E-commerce industry in Bangladesh. Based on this objective, this study followed a newspaper-based content analysis methodology. A structured systematic way was followed here. This study finds that both the e-commerce company has numerous scandals related to their services. However, Evaly is completely running their business very technically with some MLM business characteristics. That raises the questions about their supply chain systems. This study will have significant contribution to e-commerce industry research in Bangladesh.

Cite this article as: Farrukh Uddin;  Supply chain performance scandals of e-commerce industry: qualitative evidence from Bangladesh;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)293-308, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661407

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Md. Hasanul Arefin , Hafiza Sultana , Anowar Hossain , Sk. Faija Fahmida , Mahamuda khatun
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)268-280, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661276
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in Bangladesh. Several studies have shown that diabetic patients are at a greater risk of developing oral health problems. To improve the oral health among diabetic patients, it is of absolute importance to raise the existing level of knowledge and practice. The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge and practice of diabetic patients on oral health. This cross-sectional study was conducted among conveniently selected 120 adult diabetic patients (18 years and above) receiving treatment at outpatient department of two upazila health complexes and two diabetic centers in two upazilas of Tangail district, Bangladesh. The study period was from 1st January to 31st December 2019. Data were collected by face-to-face interview with a semi-structured questionnaire. Among diabetic patients, female was 52.5%, mean age was 51.34 ± 10.166 years, 25.68 % had primary level education, 32% were housewife, 93.3% were Muslim and 50.8% had monthly family income within 1000-15000 Bangladeshi taka. Among the patients, 18.3% had poor knowledge, 16.7% had average knowledge and 65% had good knowledge on oral health. On the other hand, 53.3%. 39.2% and 7.5% of respondents had poor, average and good level on oral health practice, respectively. There was statistical significance (P < .05) among participants’ sex, education, occupation and marital status, and level of knowledge and practice. In addition, there was strong association (P < .05) between level of practice and participants’ monthly family income. This study showed that level of knowledge of diabetic patients on oral health was good but the level of practice on oral health was poor. Therefore, there is scope to take more interventions for enhancing oral health practices among the diabetic patients.

Cite this article as: Md. Hasanul Arefin , Hafiza Sultana , Anowar Hossain , Sk. Faija Fahmida , Mahamuda khatun;  Knowledge and Practice on Oral Health among Diabetic Patients;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)268-280, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661276

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Md Helal Hossen, Md Monim Hasan , Wenjun Hu
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)256-267, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661097
Abstract: Data security is a major issue in the digital world. Cryptography is the most use technique for data security. Cryptography is one of the principle of protection of digital data. Encryption and decryption ensure the data confidentiality. The effectiveness of the encryption security depends on the key management, while RSA algorithm uses two keys. Public key is used to encrypt the data, this key can be used by anyone to encrypt. Private Key is used only to decrypt the data. If the private key is leaked that means the security system cannot protect any data. The Perfection of the encryption depends on the key management and the internal mathematics method of the algorithm. In this paper we propose an encryption method using AES and RSA algorithm. This encryption method can be used for cloud computing, desktop data and database data security.

Cite this article as: Md Helal Hossen, Md Monim Hasan , Wenjun Hu;  Join Public Key and Private Key for Encrypting Data;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)256-267, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4661097

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Sayed Hafiz Sadat , Habibullah Sharifi , Weicheng Han
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 244-255, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4647909
Abstract: This investigation inspected the issues militating against the preservation of Persian customary design that includes an investigation of the Herat city antiquated walls. The reason and criticalness of saving the noteworthy manufactured condition were analyzed to explain their legitimacy to the investigation zone while additionally assessing the degree of rot of the walls. Field studies, meetings and perceptions were led and from the information gathered it was uncovered that walls and entryways were restored in 2015/2016 and significant pieces of the antiquated walls and gates are not in presence. The examination presumed that the antiquated city walls and entryways are significantly undermined by demolition and continuously coming to finish eradication while preservation is the best way to forestall it. At last, the Insurance of the memorable structures advancement of the travel industry in order to produce income for the upkeep of the landmarks in the midst of other were suggested.

Cite this article as: Sayed Hafiz Sadat , Habibullah Sharifi , Weicheng Han;  Protection of Traditional Architecture and Ancient City Wall of Herat;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 244-255, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4647909

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Naseer Ahmad Safi, Yanchun Li, Junwen Wang, Azharulhaq Kamran, Chuanmin Ding
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)230-243, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4647668
Abstract: Alkylation of benzene with syngas was studied over Ceria-Zirconia Solid solution and Zinc modified x/Zn-HZSM-5 catalyst. The catalyst was prepared by co-precipitation and impregnation methods. The experimental results exhibited that the insertion of Zr and Zn contents were excessive oxygen vacancies and increase in the specific surface area. The insertion of Zr and Zn content had the best catalytic performance, the sample CeZr/Zn-HZSM-5 exhibiting 26% benzene and 27% CO conversion, with the high selectivity of toluene and xylene 87%. The catalyst carefully characterized: results showed that the catalytic activity was enhanced with the doping of Zr atoms, which would increase the reducibility of Ce4+ to Ce3+, this event led to generate more oxygen vacancies. Besides, the modification of HZSM-5 by Zn contents, the suppressing side reaction of methanol to olefins by reduction of strong BrØ nsted acid and generate new Lewis acid due to the Zn (OH)+ species. These findings are beneficial for comprehension of the conversion of syngas to intermediate methanol and alkylation of the benzene process.

Cite this article as: Naseer Ahmad Safi, Yanchun Li, Junwen Wang, Azharulhaq Kamran, Chuanmin Ding;  Modest Strategy for Oxygen Vacancies Concentration on x/Zn-ZSM-5 Bi-functional Catalyst in the Alkylation of Benzene with Syngas;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)230-243, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4647668

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
M. Rafiqul Islam
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)212-229, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4644052
Abstract: Bangladesh has been achieving remarkable success in economic growth in the last two decades. Does this economic success bring a sustainable and positive result for marginalized people? This study aims to investigate whether the local economic activity positively changes their socioeconomic position. The study reveals that cropland lost on an average of 0.2636 Bigha per household and disappeared 2.59 local fish species in local water bodies. Moreover, more than three-fourth respondents perceived that their access to local ecosystem services is decreasing and the services are degraded. However, more than half of the respondents paid $6.82 each time as a bribe in accessing to local ecosystem services. Combine of these issues is negatively influencing their income, employment opportunity, and household expenditure so that the marginal community becomes more marginalized and wealthier become wealthier. This study may help to find out a new trajectory of sustainable economic activity in the coastal areas with reducing ecosystem services degradation and vulnerability of marginalized people.

Cite this article as: M. Rafiqul Islam;  The Adverse Impact of Ecosystem Degradation and Poor Governance on Marginalized People;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)212-229, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4644052

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Samira Zohra Midoun , Ling Hong
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)192-211, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4642494
Abstract: Ubiad1 is a tumor suppressor gene ubiquitously expressed in normal human tissues and its protein harbors a prenyltransferase functional domain conserved throughout the evolution. The ability of human UBIAD1 enzyme to synthesize menaquinone-4 (MK-4) rescues mitochondrial dysfunction in Drosophila and effectively initiates apoptosis in various types of tumors through a caspase-dependent pathway. The objective is to study menaquinone-4-induced apoptosis signaling pathway and to investigate its anti-tumor activity in human prostate (PC-3, LNCaP) and bladder (T24, J82) tumor cell lines, an approach that has not been undertaken yet. Cell viability of cancerous cells pre-treated with MK-4 showed a significant decrease in dose- and timedependent manner. Moreover, flow cytometry detected apoptotic cells after treatment with the vitamin. Taken together, these observations suggest that MK-4 could inhibit cell growth by promoting apoptosis in prostate and bladder carcinoma cells via different-mediated signal pathways, making it a potential therapeutic molecule for the prevention and the cure of cancers.

Cite this article as: Samira Zohra Midoun , Ling Hong;  Growth Inhibitory Effects of Vitamin K2 (Menaquinones- MK4) on Bladder Carcinoma and Prostate Carcinoma Cells Via Two Possible Pathways of Apoptosis Implicating PUMA, BAX and Cleaved-PARP;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)192-211, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4642494

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Sripur Manandhar , Jiazhen Li, Yan Zhang , Xin-Chang Lu , Yi Zhang , Yongkui Liu , Gang Sun , Kunpeng Shi , Sakurul Islam , Christina Shrestha
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)179-191, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4640557
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the survival, recurrence, complications as well as the quality of life (QOL) in tibial osteosarcoma (OSA) patients managed by limb salvage surgery (LSS), either by a prosthesis, resection or graft or by amputation. 106 tibial osteosarcoma patients were enrolled where 39 had customdesigned endoprosthetic arthroplasty (LSS1), 36 underwent resection and bone graft (LSS2) while only 31 underwent amputation. A Comparison was done based on post-operative survival rates, postoperative recurrence, and complications. The impact of the patient’s QOL was also evaluated. The results of our study showed that the incidence of tibial OSA was higher in <20 years (63%) where M: F was 1.52:1. The mean survival of patients with LSS1 was 2.51 years(Confidence interval-95%;0.3- 7.58 years), LSS2 was 4.15 (CI-95%;0.35-8.65 years) and amputation was found to be 4.79 years(CI-95%;0.6-8.39 years) with overall mean survival time was 3.72 years (CI-95%;p=0.0002). The Complication rate was lower in LSS1 and LSS2 (46.67%, CI-95%; p = 0.048). The mean MSTS score was 68.8% (range, 43.56%-89.16%) with significantly lower results than in amputations (p = 0.007). The QOL assessment done by SF-36 revealed a better state of LSS1 and LSS2 patients. The sarcoma led to emotional and functional disturbances in amputated patients (CI-95%, p =0.004). The complication-free patients were found to be higher in LSS groups (53.33%) (CI-95%, p =0.048). Limb Salvage Surgery for tibial osteosarcoma is superior to amputation due to its better functional outcome and fewer complications.

Cite this article as: Sripur Manandhar , Jiazhen Li, Yan Zhang , Xin-Chang Lu , Yi Zhang , Yongkui Liu , Gang Sun , Kunpeng Shi , Sakurul Islam , Christina Shrestha;  A Comparative Study on the Clinical and Functional Outcome of Limb Salvage Surgery and Amputation in Tibial Osteosarcoma;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)179-191, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4640557

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Hua Cao , Yang Ling , Li Ling , Bakht Zada
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)168-178, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633579
Abstract: A prominent feature of substance addiction is an attention bias toward substance-related cues. The occurrence and development of drug abuse have been closely related to smoking. The smoking rate of drug abusers is three to four times that of non-drug abusers. This study presents a cognitive model of heroin smokers in the face of cigarette- and heroin-related cues in the context of a compulsory isolated abstinence environment for treatment. Thirty-six male heroin smokers were recruited from the Addiction Recovery Center of Gansu Province in Lanzhou City. A modified emotional Stroop task was used to explore the attention bias of heroin smokers toward two cues: those related to cigarettes and heroin. For heroin smokers, at the correct rate, the three groups of cue pictures were not significantly different. At the time of reaction, the pictures of the three types of cues (heroin-, cigarette-, and neutral-related cue pictures) were significantly different, and the reaction to heroin and cigarette pictures was longer than to neutral pictures. Notably, the reaction time to cigarette pictures was longer than to heroin pictures. In the environment of compulsory detoxification, heroin smokers pay more attention to cigarette-related cues than to heroin-related ones.

Cite this article as: Hua Cao , Yang Ling , Li Ling , Bakht Zada;  Heroin Smokers’ Attention Bias toward Cigarette and Heroin Related Cues;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)168-178, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4633579

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Maduranga Pushpika Kumara Withanawasam , Wang Shaoyuan
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)128-154, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4625092
Abstract: Sri Lanka's growth dilemma reveals a failure to create and begin new, more powerful productivity industries where Sri Lanka can face internationally and sustain higher earnings. That is a self-perpetuating problem, but one that could be overwhelmed by a mix of international investment gives new knowhow and effective coordination in the global value chains (GVCs). Therefore, is it possible to have a stable macroeconomic environment in the global value chain (GVC)? This paper aims to analyze the impact of the global value chain (GVC) on the macroeconomics environments in Sri Lanka. In terms of econometric analysis, data availability is time-series samples from 1990 to 2018 have been selected and cover all the available bilateral exports between 25 top export countries over the period above period in Sri Lanka. It is included in the world development indicators, the Eora database and other databases. The data employed the panel model, and also the Hausman test examines whether there are fixed or random effects of model acceptance. According to the findings, all models accept fixed effects. Also, there is a significant 1% to 10% correlation between GVC, TD and FVA, DVA, DVX and VAE. Furthermore, R2 was above 90%, and F statistics were accepted as all models' value. This paper concludes that Sri Lanka maintains a strong relationship with the global value chain and trade among macroeconomic environments. Nevertheless, Sri Lankan policymakers need to address competition, investment, trade costs, and technological spillover. The new world is highly diverse and rapidly evolving. Therefore, Sri Lankan policymakers must carry on these strategies.

Cite this article as: Maduranga Pushpika Kumara Withanawasam , Wang Shaoyuan;  Impact of Benefiting the Sri Lankan Economy in the Global Value Chain with Its Trading Partners;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)128-154, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4625092

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Taherun Nesa Suborna , Nuruddin Ahmed Masud
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)112-127, Mar 2021, 112-127, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4625075
Abstract: Nowadays the internet has gained paramount importance in the education arena. The main objective of the study is to identify the impacts of social networking sites (SNS) on growing up adolescent girls in KCC. To identify the nature of browsing the internet, to find out how social sites help to increase the knowledge level, to know the impact of using a social networking site. The study was conducted through a survey research design. For this study, purposive sampling was used. Samples were collected from the 13 to 18-year girls. The total sample size was 100. The average age of using the internet for the first time of the respondents was 17.71 years old. The study shows that teenagers were positively affected as social media helped in increasing their communication abilities, getting information, developing their technical skills, and how they can effectively use this recent technology.

Cite this article as: Taherun Nesa Suborna , Nuruddin Ahmed Masud;  Impacts of Social Networking Site (SNS) on Growing up Adolescent Girls: A study on Bangladeshi Collegiate Girls School in Khulna;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)112-127, Mar 2021, 112-127, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4625075

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Samuel Aires Master Lazaro , Weicheng Han
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)88-111, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4621774
Abstract: Chinese-ancient buildings have attracted so much attention in recent years for being well planned and designed. Scholars have been fascinated by how wooden-structures have been resistant to rainfall throughout the years. These structures have passed the test of time and are still standing strong. That is because ancient builders invented waterproof methods that helped to make the wooden structure resilient to water. The purpose of this paper is to survey the intriguing use of waterproof methods on Chinese-ancient wooden structures and the strengthening techniques used to protect them from damages caused by exposure to water, not to mention other abrasive forces, which destroy the wooden structures quickly. This paper, adopted the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine of China’s (GT/T 1934-2009) method of determining water absorption level and the wood preservation method used in a study by Lebow (2010) to investigate the impact of wood adhesives on wood protection.

Cite this article as: Samuel Aires Master Lazaro , Weicheng Han;  Woodworks of Chinese-Ancient Roof Structures and the Impact of Wood Adhesives on Wood Protection;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)88-111, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4621774

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Aravind Raveendran , Qing Jun Meng, Yu Dong Tian , Lin Gang Cui , Teng Li , Yin Sheng Wei , Yang Su
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 78-87, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612958
Abstract: Aim:Intravesical recurrence post radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) is a frequent event requiring intense cystoscopic surveillance. This study includes cystoscopic surveillance and usage of variable predictors for intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy. The current investigation objective was to recognize intravesical recurrence indicators and build up a tool to allow risk delineated methodology supporting patient advising for cystoscopic surveillance and post-operative intravesical MMC administration. Methods: We did a retrospective analysis of 324 patients with UTUC (Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma). Patients' demographic data, including age, gender, etiology, tumor size, previous bladder cancer, tumor location (renal pelvic or ureter), were reported. All the patients reported above were followed up for a mean period of 36 months. Computed tomography (CT), ultrasound imaging, cystoscopy, urine cytology, ureteroscopy tests were performed for each patient included in the study. The data set was divided into a development cohort of recurrent and non-recurrent patients). Multivariable and Univariable were addressed to intravesical recurrence after RNU. Predictive accuracy was quantified. Result:With a median follow-up of 36 months, intravesical recurrence occurred in 59 patients. IVR after RNU was noted in 59 patients after a median follow-up of 36 months. The probability of intravesical recurrence is 28.6%.

Cite this article as: Aravind Raveendran , Qing Jun Meng, Yu Dong Tian , Lin Gang Cui , Teng Li , Yin Sheng Wei , Yang Su;  Post Radical Nephroureterectomy Cystoscopic Surveillance and Usage of a Nomogram as a Predictor for Intravesical Recurrence;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 78-87, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4612958

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Saleem Riaz , Hui Lin
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)68-77, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4603191
Abstract: The problem encountered in this paper is to design a robust, feedbackbased improved control system for the plant that involves systematic uncertainty. This paper proposes a fault estimation algorithm based on iterative learning control. This algorithm is constructed through an optimization function to prove the robustness and convergence of the algorithm. Through linear matrix inequality (LMI), the observer gain matrix and iterative learning parameter matrix in the algorithm are solved. The two comprehensive parameters in LMI represent the parameter selection in the two specifications to make selected adjustments in learning and control. A numerical example shows the improvement process and the effectiveness of these methods. Through LMI techniques, we have obtained satisfactory results and controller stability and robustness against fault-tolerant control. Lastly, the simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm

Cite this article as: Saleem Riaz , Hui Lin;  LMI based nonlinear Iterative Learning Control for uncertain discrete repetitive system;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)68-77, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4603191

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Kazi Md Hasanul Hoque , Zhang Huepang , Afsana Sharmin , Wenbin Ge
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 57-67, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4601626
Abstract: In recent times, sustainable ecofriendly thermo-insulation materials which is flexible and mechanically robust have grabbed worldwide remark. Nonwoven fabric and aerogel have complementary characteristics needed for desirable thermal insulation. In this research, silica aerogel/polypropylene (PP) nonwoven fabric composite with desirable properties was synthesized via a two-step sol-gel process through immersing the PP nonwoven fabric into silica sol. After in situ gelation, Silica aerogel-pp Nonwoven Fabric composite gel was hydrophobized with hexamethyldisilazane, and the composites were dried at ambient pressure method. Silica aerogels were distributed inside the pp nonwoven fabric as a composite to act as a supporting skeleton which increased the mechanical property of the silica aerogels. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), DSC, TGA were used for the characterization of the composites. The contact angle and heat conducting performance of the composites were also determined. The results show that silica aerogel particles were efficiently covered the surface of the PP non-woven fabric and completely filled the micron size pores of the nonwoven fabric leading to a stronger hydrophobicity and higher thermal insulation performance in the aerogel composite. The findings in this study are significant and can be used for further research in aerogel-treated nonwoven fabrics.

Cite this article as: Kazi Md Hasanul Hoque , Zhang Huepang , Afsana Sharmin , Wenbin Ge;  Preparation and Characterization of Silica Aerogel Incorporated Polypropylene Nonwoven Fabric Composite Dried in Ambient Pressure Drying Method;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 57-67, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4601626

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Deepa Timsina , Hem Sagar Baral
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3)32-56, Mar 2021,https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4593913
Abstract: The Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) is a unique mammal having stiff scales, body shape slender like a reptile, burrow living and highly nocturnal. It is receiving less scientific attention therefore information on its ecology, behavior, status and distribution is still scarce in Nepal. Pangolins are distributed in many districts and protected areas of Nepal but are threatened due to habitat destruction, illegal trade and lack of awareness. Thus, this research was conducted to assess the distribution, habitat utilization and threats to Chinese Pangolin in Mahabharat and Chure community forests of Sindhuli district. The primary data were collected by using the methods adopted in National Pangolin Survey, Nepal (2016). The sample size for scheduled questionnaire survey was calculated by using the formula given by Krejice and Morgan in 1970. The secondary data were collected from the DFO, Sector forest office and community forest office. Through field survey within the transect of 500 meters; distribution of burrows, their geographical coordinates, slope, elevation, canopy cover, soil moisture, soil colour and texture, distance to settlement, water and road and number of ants/termites mound were recorded. A total of 348 burrows were recorded including 206 (91 active, 115 inactive) in Mahabharat Community Forest and 142 (57 active, 85 inactive) in Chure Community Forest.

Cite this article as: Deepa Timsina , Hem Sagar Baral;  Distribution, Habitat Utilization and Threats to Chinese Pangolin (Manis Pentadactyla Linnaeus, 1758) in Community Forests of Sindhuli, Nepal;  North American Academic Research, 4(3)32-56, Mar 2021,https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4593913

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Jawed Ahmed Jamali
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 21-31, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590310
Abstract: This paper presents steam condenser exergy analysis of 50 MW unit of the power plant by varying the ambient temperature from 5 C to 42 C at different loads. The performance parameters and the dependent variables are the exergy entering in the condenser, exergy out from the condenser, exergy efficiency of the plant, exergy destruction in the condenser and the exergy efficiency of condenser. Whereas the independent variables are ambient temperature and condenser pressure. It was seen that increases of exergy efficiency of the plant depends on combined effect of ambient temperature and condenser pressure as the sole variation of ambient temperature doesn’t have much effect on the performance parameters. The varying of ambient temperature without altering the condenser pressure doesn’t have any significant impact but by varying simultaneously the ambient temperature along with the changing of condenser pressure has profound effect on the performance parameters. As the Condenser pressure increases the heat loss is also increasing which shows the major portion of energy loss occurs in condenser. In comparison of heat loss in condenser the exergy destruction in condenser is very less. At the optimal condenser pressure 0.00804 MPa the exergy efficiency of the whole unit, exergy destruction in condenser, exergy efficiency of condenser, Heat loss (Q) in condenser and Wtotal are as 26.26%, 198.1KW, 99.72%, 81190 KW and 53.4 MW respectively and the optimal condition is attained at the full load(100%) or designed operating parameters.

Cite this article as: Jawed Ahmed Jamali;  Steam Condenser Exergy Analysis of Steam Power Plant at Different Loads;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 21-31, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4590310

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Usamatu Usman , Ibrahim Yusuf Inuwa
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 14-20, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4587249
Abstract: This paper examined the relationship between teaching and research performance of lecturers in the context of federal polytechnics in North-Eastern Nigeria. A simple random sampling method was used in selecting a total of 320 lecturers and 600 students from the polytechnics. For this study t-Test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and percentage were used to carry out the analysis. Our results show that there is zero or no relationship between been active researcher and been a qualitative teacher. We also suggest that the institution should employ astute researchers as well as passionate teachers in order to satisfy the mission of tertiary institutions and meet societal and industry expectations.

Cite this article as: Usamatu Usman , Ibrahim Yusuf Inuwa;  Teaching and Research Quality in Nigerian Public Polytechnics: Evidence from North-Eastern Nigeria;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 14-20, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4587249

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  Volume: 4 Issue: 3
Jawed Ahmed Jamali
Vol 4, Issue 3; March 2021
North American Academic Research, 4(3) 01-13, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4575426
Abstract: In this study, exergy and economic analyses with regression of a 50MWunit of Lakhra steam power plant, situated near Jamshoro Pakistan is presented. Firstly, a thermodynamic model is developed using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software and validated, followed by an economic assessment parametric analysis to show the impacts of various operating parameters on the levelized cost and finally regression along with optimization is carried out. The condenser pressure, main steam pressure, temperature and interest rate are selected as operating parameters while levelized cost, net power output, energy and exergy efficiencies are selected as performance parameters. Furthermore, in order to know about the effects of predictor and response variables with each other and to correlate the performance parameters with the operating parameters the multiple polynomial regression analysis has been prepared. In economic analysis, levelized cost of electricity is estimated under various operating and economic conditions. Under designed parameters, the plant is simulated yielding 53.5 MW power output with 31.02% and 26.24% energy and exergy efficiencies, respectively with levelized cost of US$0.0654/kWh. According to the optimization results, maximum power, energy and exergy efficiencies are obtained as 53.786 MW, 31.25% and 26.43%, respectively, whereas minimum levelized cost is obtained as US$0.04856/kWh under given optimal conditions.

Cite this article as: Jawed Ahmed Jamali;  Thermoeconomic Analysis with Regression Modelling and Optimization of Steam Coal Power Plant;  North American Academic Research, 4(3) 01-13, Mar 2021, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4575426

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