North American Academic Research

NAAR is an international, open access journal, published weekly online by TWASP.
Online ISSN: 1945-9098
Impact Factor : 3.75 (2023) 
5-Year Impact Factor: 4.6 (2023)
Acceptance rate: 42% 
Submission to first decision: 2 days

 

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June 2020 Total article: 25


  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Investigation of rheological behavior of a debris flow: a case study in the Longchi area, Sichuan province, China
Hamid Faiz, Ge Yong-gang , Hua Yan, Hilal Ahmad , Izaz Ali , Gulfam Hussain
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 228-242, 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893296
Abstract: Debris flow is a devastating natural hazard phenomenon in mountainous areas, which causes human losses and damage to infrastructures. The main triggering factors for debris flow are rainfall and earthquake. The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, followed by heavy rain on August 13th, 2010, which initiated a series of debris flow, resulted in considerable loss of lives and infrastructure. Therefore, it is pertinent to investigate characteristics of debris flow based on the behavior of rheological parameters. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the rheological behavior of debris flow. The main characteristics and dimensions of current debris flows have been investigated by fieldwork. Soil samples from the riverbed and sources area were collected for extensive laboratory testing. A series of laboratory testing, which includes soil indices test and rheological parameters of debris flow containing granular materials with size finer than 0.075mm have been obtained using a rotational rheometer (Physica MCR). The rheological behavior has been examined at different ranges of volumetric concentration. These results showed the values of shear stress had been proportionally increasing with the increase of solid volumetric concentration. Based on the "8.13" debris flow characteristics in the Longchi area, these resulted rheological parameters of debris flow can be used to obtain the features of other debris flows in this area.

Cite this article as: Hamid Faiz, Ge Yong-gang , Hua Yan, Hilal Ahmad , Izaz Ali , Gulfam Hussain;  Investigation of rheological behavior of a debris flow: a case study in the Longchi area, Sichuan province, China;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 228-242, 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893296

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF ASIAN STUDENTS TO CHINA CULTURE
Irfan Khan , ZHENG Guangwen
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 1-30, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923808
Abstract: With the increasing number of Asian students, choosing to study china is a good choice without a doubt. Asian students face many challenges in the adaptation process, e.g. managing group projects with Chinese students as well as international students too, dealing with interpersonal relationships, solving academic problems, etc. This study focuses to investigate psychological adaptation, socio-cultural adaptation and academic adaptation, based on Ward’s model, and generated nine propositions to explore the Asian students’ adaptation in China. Students from Asia and China, as well as teachers, were interviewed to gather the research material, and analyzed in the last. The main finding is that the influence of academic and psychological aspects on Asian students' cultural adaptation is relatively large, especially the language ability, personality, communication. In addition to this, there are some other related factors that we do not mention, e.g. self-confidence, ambitious motivation, value, etc. The purpose of our study is to provide effective and practical advice for Asian students in the adaptation to Chinese culture.

Cite this article as: Irfan Khan , ZHENG Guangwen;  CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF ASIAN STUDENTS TO CHINA CULTURE;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 1-30, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3923808

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia: Combating a Political Infection in a Friendly State
Miras Tolepbergen
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 368-384,June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3906489
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explain why the Soviet government opted for invasion rather than for possible other strategies during the Prague Spring? What were the justifications for a military invasion? Secondly, what were the consequences of the military approach? What did Soviet leadership achieve and lose as a result of their handling of the Czechoslovak crisis? To answer those questions, the first part of the paper will provide the basic explanation of Soviet decision-making process, the difficulties on intelligence collecting, the perspective of Eastern Europe on reforms in Czechoslovakia, and other factors that influenced the emergence of the crisis. The second part will cover the pre and post-invasion Czechoslovakia affairs, and crisis consequences to Europe-USSR and US-USSR relations

Cite this article as: Miras Tolepbergen;  Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia: Combating a Political Infection in a Friendly State;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 368-384,June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3906489

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: China-ASEAN Relation: The China’s Strategic and Economic Interest in ASEAN
VOEURN Vinichhai
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 357-367, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905442
Abstract: China with its enormous population and the gigantic emerging economy is the main driver behind the geopolitical reconfiguration that is taking place. ASEAN is one of the areas that is affected most directly by the rise of China. It is a key importance to China for access to critical energy and natural resources. The region is significant as a potential conduit for the promotion of China’s diplomatic influence and for its strategic role as a vital crossroads of sea and land. China’s main motivation for involvement in ASEAN is to further its national economic, political and strategic interests. In facing the challenges more efforts need to be made to build new trust and initiate new mutually beneficial actions. The BRI provides a new framework and opportunity for China and ASEAN to deepen their relations through close consultation and cooperation. China’s rise, ASEAN’s integration and the shift of the international center of gravity to the AsiaPacific (or a wider Indo-Pacific) region will test the future of ASEAN-China relations. This paper aims to examine China and ASEAN relations in their proper perspective in economic, political security and military implications. China and ASEAN as neighbors are linked together by geography and interests.

Cite this article as: VOEURN Vinichhai;  China-ASEAN Relation: The China’s Strategic and Economic Interest in ASEAN;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 357-367, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905442

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Significant Dynamics of Gilgit-Baltistanfrom Great Game to China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC)
Israr Hussain , Hu Lizhong, Iqtidar Hussain, Iqrar Hussain Qambari
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 321-341, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905390
Abstract: The geopolitical factors have the actual determents which evaluate any region's fortune in international politics. The Gilgit-Baltistan (GB) geopolitics has been counted in global politics from the Great Game between Anglo-Russia in the nineteenth century. This research aims to examine that, what was the GB dynamics in the Great Game and now in the 21st century the GB geopolitical role for Sino-Pakistan relations in the context of China-Pakistan economic corridor (CPEC). The GB has a junction point in Asia, and the CPEC has the main tool to connect the Asian region. Thus the GB unclear constitutional status has the main obstacle for CPEC internally and externally. Internally the local mass strongly demands their rights according to the United-Nations (UN) resolutions, and externally India raised objections in the different international forums due to its disputed status as part of the Kashmir Issue. The CPEC has a bilateral economic plan, while the US and India is looking as strategic plans against their hegemonic position in the Indian Oceans.

Cite this article as: Israr Hussain , Hu Lizhong, Iqtidar Hussain, Iqrar Hussain Qambari;  Significant Dynamics of Gilgit-Baltistanfrom Great Game to China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC);  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 321-341, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905390

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Employees Performance
Elizabeth Elias , Alireza Nasiri
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 342-356, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905401
Abstract: Every employee is eager to develop their professional and technical skills in order to enhance their productivity on the job and to have an increment in their salaries. However, working with diverse colleagues isn't sufficient to center on the two for tall performance but representatives ought to increment or progress their passionate insights, as this can be the capacity to recognize their possess feelings and those of others and the capacity to control them in themselves and in connections with others, in person and proficient life. This paper reviewed on the impact of emotional intelligence on employees performance. With the destinations of the think about, it is exceptionally noteworthy because it points to discover out the effect of enthusiastic insights (EI) on employees execution. By analyzing the available data, it showed that emotional intelligence has a very great impact on employee’s performance. As employees with high emotional intelligence shows high performance on the job. In addition, this research used a qualitative approach.

Cite this article as: Elizabeth Elias , Alireza Nasiri;  The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Employees Performance;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 342-356, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3905401

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Titanium alloy thin films on stainless steel for biocompatible applications and surgical tools
Waqas Ali , Maryam Jamil, Sumara Ashraf , Kamal Mustafa , Imran Murtaza , Abdul Rouf
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 297-308, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899599
Abstract: In this research work the performance of the Titanium alloys thin films for the application in medical is assessed. The main purpose of this research work is to check consistency of the titanium alloys with the living organisms’ tissues in term of their biocompatibility. Thin films of Titanium Alloys (TiN ,TiAlN and TiCN) were deposited on stainless steel using cathodic arc method. Titanium and Titanium alloys were used as targets. Inside deposition chamber vacuum was created up to 10-6 mili bar range using turbo molecular pump. XRD, SEM and AFM images were obtained to study the structure, surface morphology and roughness of the deposited thin films, respectively. Using Vickers hardness test thin films hardness was determined. The consistency of the Thin Films with the tissues of the living organisms was tested by biocompatibility tests. It is found that thin films own excellent adhesion as well as they can be utilized for the medical and commercial purposes.

Cite this article as: Waqas Ali , Maryam Jamil, Sumara Ashraf , Kamal Mustafa , Imran Murtaza , Abdul Rouf;  Titanium alloy thin films on stainless steel for biocompatible applications and surgical tools;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 297-308, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3899599

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Evidence based nursing at clinical practice area: A case study of LUMS hospital Hyderabad
Janul , Paras Rani Mahar , Muhammad Zakarya
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 276-284, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893990
Abstract: This paper presents a qualitative descriptive study about Evidence-based utilization by staff nurses of Wali Bhai Rajputana Hospital Hyderabad. “EBN" is described as the use of high quality research by a nurse in clinical decision making". The objective is to assess the status of the nurse in utilizing EBN at clinical area. The 30 subjects sample was selected among head nurse/ staff nurse at Wali Bhai Rajputana Hospital Hyderabad in different 28 wards. A selfdeveloped 22 item (close ended) questionnaire was used to collect data. The results were discussed and concluded on the bases each item received its percentage response. The studies revealed the nurses of the day are not fully aware: prepare to use evidence-bases nursing at clinical setting. However, they are motivated to know about the current work being done in this direction. They lack resources, time and proper guidance to utilize this research in right direction. If the required needs provided them, it will help them to develop their knowledge and enhance their quality care for the patients to benefit.

Cite this article as: Janul , Paras Rani Mahar , Muhammad Zakarya;  Evidence based nursing at clinical practice area: A case study of LUMS hospital Hyderabad;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 276-284, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893990

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: An External Environment Situation Analysis of Bangladesh-China Towards Health Collaboration Under Obor Initiative
Md Habib Iqbal , Cao Jun, Md. Serajul Islam
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 309-320, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3869331
Abstract: Background In a rapidly globalizing world with increasing health and epidemiologic transitions, the international community and multilateralism have become highly active, coordinated and robust. to face the challenges of health and epidemiologic transitions, ageing and globalization challenges, collaborative diplomacy on health security have become more vital than ever in not only saving lives and improving public health but also in improving and providing long-lasting benefits to both worlds’ poorest and developed countries, the PEST analysis method, which is mostly used in the field of economic management to analyze the external macro environment of specific countries and regions that need to be considered when formulating corporate strategies. The PEST analysis includes analysis of the four macro forces of the political, economic, social, and technological environments of the country. Methods This study was based on literature review, secondhand data from the website, Ministry of health Bangladesh and face to face interview with the key person. Results Bangladesh external environment is still far lower than China in every indicator of political, economic, social and technological. most of the indicators show upwards slowly which a good sign for one country. Bangladesh relatively weak indicators are innovation, infrastructure, low Technology, legal and administrative framework indicators. As well as china political environment is also ranking in the lower position. China has shown a good development trend in the innovation field. Although Bangladesh has a poor foundation in terms of innovation, investment in research and development has begun to yield benefits, and there will be wider room for progress and development in the future. Conclusion Bangladesh is struggling in Poor infrastructure and Poor Policy, Therefore, China should strengthen policy guidance, continuous capital and human investment, continuously enrich science and technology research and development activities, and enhance independent innovation capabilities.

Cite this article as: Md Habib Iqbal , Cao Jun, Md. Serajul Islam;  An External Environment Situation Analysis of Bangladesh-China Towards Health Collaboration Under Obor Initiative;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 309-320, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3869331

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Human Trafficking from Bangladesh to Malaysia: A Preliminary Study
Afzalur Rahman
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 285-297, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3894007
Abstract: Nowadays, human trafficking has become a great concern for Bangladesh. Internationally, human trafficking is considered as a much growing crime. But in the regional context, it has become a lucrative business for trafficking networks. Every year thousands of Bangladeshis are migrating overseas either legally or by illegal means. In the last couples of year, total flow of remittance was not satisfactory because of the diplomatic tension between the Bangladesh and major migrants receiving countries. In addition, the new migrations policies of the Middle-Eastern countries also have shrunk the scope for Bangladeshi migrants. As a result, the number of human trafficking from Bangladesh to Malaysia has increased. There are various causes of human trafficking which are relies on the socio-economic circumstances of Bangladesh. Some of the causes of trafficking have deep connection with international network. The purpose of this paper is to unveil the key causes of human trafficking by analyzing the field data with focusing on the theoretical perspectives of the migration. It also argues for effective mechanism to monitor the whole process of human trafficking from Bangladesh to Malaysia in an urgent basis.

Cite this article as: Afzalur Rahman;  Human Trafficking from Bangladesh to Malaysia: A Preliminary Study;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 285-297, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3894007

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: The Role of the Financial Accounting System (SCF) in the Disclosure of Financial Information in the Yemeni Institutions
Al-hada Fahd Abdullah Abdulsamad Mohammed , Ji Zu Li
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 254-275, June 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893333
Abstract: This paper takes the Yemeni company as an example to study the role of the financial accounting system in improving the level of financial disclosure of an organization, This role has important value for identifying accounting disclosure and provides complete financial information for financial accounting system information disclosure, Financial accounting system information disclosure enhances the details and transparency of accounting information, avoids confusion or misleading, and provides clear results for the company’s financial situation, This article believes that any company must disclose financial accountants ’requirements in accordance with the International Accounting Standards System Its financial and accounting information, Research shows that the application of financial accounting system provides the possibility of increasing the degree of accounting disclosure of financial statements, and that It shows clear results on the financial position of the corporation, and then any corporation must disclose financial and accounting information according to what the system requires for the financial accountants in response to international accounting standards

Cite this article as: Al-hada Fahd Abdullah Abdulsamad Mohammed , Ji Zu Li;  The Role of the Financial Accounting System (SCF) in the Disclosure of Financial Information in the Yemeni Institutions;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 254-275, June 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893333

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: The Impact of the Service Quality of Tourism Sector on The Balance of Payments
Maduranga Pushpika Kumara Withanawasam , Alireza Nasiri
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 184-227, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893294
Abstract: The main objective this paper to examine the impact of tourism expectations and perception on services provided by the world’s tourism industry. Also, following specific objectives are expected to be achieved: First one to examine the world travel and tourism business whether its declining or increasing ,second one to analyses most popular destinations and least destinations for international tourists and inflows ,third one to analyses regional tourism for international tourists and inflows , fourth one to compare tourism services and merchandise trade by analysing the balance of payments for the destinations in the global and fifth one to recognize policy recommendations that improve the travel and tourism services in the world based on the empirical findings. The micro study has used in SERVQUAL model and the macro study has used UNWTO data. The overall perceived quality of service is high (1.184), which means that the level of service they receive is higher than expected. This may be because the tourism industry maintains a complete customer base. The Outcome of Macro study are Export from international tourism (USD 1.7 trillion) equal to 7% of global export or 29% of world services export. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the main goals were successfully achieved, and other specific tasks were included in the study. The SERVQUAL model is used in this research. Even so, the SERVQUAL model must be transformed in such a way that it can gather the perspectives and understandings of research and tourism. Macro study is value added to the research. Finally, even though tourism satisfaction is the focus of the micro-foundations, the addition of macro studies to this study is more significant. In the macro study western countries more dominated international tourist arrivals and international tourism receipts. Fifty nations who have less than thousands international tourists’ arrivals and no proper recording international tourism receipts. This should be changed. The health tourism should be increased, and a mechanism to meet the demand of tourists for indigenous and traditional therapies other than Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and western medicine will be focused. Tourism Security must be concerned about every nation. Therefore, the World Tourism Organization should do a proper mechanism to tourist safety.

Cite this article as: Maduranga Pushpika Kumara Withanawasam , Alireza Nasiri;  The Impact of the Service Quality of Tourism Sector on The Balance of Payments;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 184-227, June 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3893294

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Risk Factors for High Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma and Retinal Detachment
Abdulkawi Yahya Radman Al-Shamiri , Balqis Yahya Ali Abdullah Al-Mahweeti
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 167-183, 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892065
Abstract: The eye is a complex organ for sight (Vision), has vital importance for everyday life. High intraocular pressure, glaucoma, retinal detachment and optic neuropathy lead to loss vision. There are many people lost their vision in one of eyes or both as result of high intraocular pressure, glaucoma, retinal detachment or damage of optic nerve, me one of whom. This paper aims to collect the most risk factors for high intraocular pressure, glaucoma, and retinal detachment which have been mentioned in several different resources in one paper.

Cite this article as: Abdulkawi Yahya Radman Al-Shamiri , Balqis Yahya Ali Abdullah Al-Mahweeti;  Risk Factors for High Intraocular Pressure, Glaucoma and Retinal Detachment;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 167-183, 2020, : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3892065

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: A Quick Aftermath of Dwindling American Economy Due to Corona Pandemic and A Consensus Way-out: Using Statistics and Interpretive Structural Modeling
Hamed Habibi
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 161-166, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3890670
Abstract: The outbreak of the novel Coronavirus has left the entire world stranded in their homes and caused heavy losses to the global economy. The United States have also been highly affected by this pandemic in terms of human life as well as the economic downfall. As the pandemic continues to distort the economy, the researcher has used the technique of interpretive structural modeling to analyze the factors that can help the U.S. get back to its economic strength as it was before the strike of this fatal disease. The researcher has conducted questionnaire based survey with practitioners to identify and filter out the steps that need to be taken for enhancing and saving the economy in the post-virus scenario. After the filtering process the researcher has conducted telephonic interviews with 20 field experts that provided insight to the researcher about the interdependencies of the selected steps. The data from these interviews was then used to create the ISM for this research. The researcher has proposed the consensus way to resolve economic issues through the ISM and has also mentioned the limitations and future research directions for this study.

Cite this article as: Hamed Habibi;  A Quick Aftermath of Dwindling American Economy Due to Corona Pandemic and A Consensus Way-out: Using Statistics and Interpretive Structural Modeling;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 161-166, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3890670

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: The Effect of Political Relations on Turkey-Russia International Trade
Dariya Pakhomova
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6), 152-160, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3890668
Abstract: Nowadays foreign trade undoubtedly takes an important place in every country’s economy. A lot of research being done on the factors to determine the volume and the structure of foreign trade. GDP, relative price, and exchange rate are some of the main the indicators researchers focus on during the research process. However, it is very important to keep in consideration of others external factors during this process, such as political relations between the involved countries has a great influence on their bilateral foreign trade. Thus, this research paper focuses on the impact of the political decisions made by parties involved and its effect on their trade relations. This paper will examine long run determinants of the trade balance between Turkey and Russia, giving particular focus to the influence of the political relations between these two countries on their foreign trade. This paper focuses on changes on trade balance between these countries during the political crisis and after. The research is conducted by using quarterly trade data over the period from 1900 to 2017. Embedded Research Design is used to enable the researcher to use both quantitative and qualitative data. For the collection of qualitative and quantitative data, the research adopted the Explanatory design and Ex Post Facto design, respectively. The study also uses the ANOVA model to synthesize and estimate the variations in the trade relations between these countries during the 17-year period targeted in this research. As a conclusion the paper confirms and defines possible long run and short run negative effects of political disputes on countries trade balance with involving parties.

Cite this article as: Dariya Pakhomova;  The Effect of Political Relations on Turkey-Russia International Trade;  North American Academic Research, 3(6), 152-160, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3890668

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: A study on some advanced applications of Electrostatics
MD Sezadur Rahman, Mohammad Anisur Rahman, MD Nizam Uddin
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 129-135, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887405
Abstract: Physicists deal with the four fundamental forces: gravitational force, weak nuclear force, strong nuclear force, and electromagnetic force. Electrostatics is the subfield of Electromagnetics describing attractive or repulsive forces between particles that are caused by their electric charges. It’s the study of electromagnetic occurrences that takes place while a static equilibrium has been established. Charges reach their equilibrium situations swiftly for the reason that the electric force is exceedingly sturdy. Electrostatics in its most obstructive sense is a modification of Maxwell's equations to a system whose foundations are steady-state, timeinvariant electric charges

Cite this article as: MD Sezadur Rahman, Mohammad Anisur Rahman, MD Nizam Uddin;  A study on some advanced applications of Electrostatics;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 129-135, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887405

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Temporal annual and seasonal NDVI variation of Sagarmatha national park, Nepal and its relationship with precipitation and soil moisture
Sadrish Dabadi , Gulfam Hussain, Ranjana Regmi
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 136-151, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887414
Abstract: The researches related to the national parks are important for detecting changes, managing and protecting resources in them. The vegetation change study is more vital as vegetation is the part of every ecosystems and functioning of the park. There had been limited study regarding vegetation changes and impact of climatic and environmental factor on greenery in Nepal. To fill this gap, our study applied satellite based NDVI, precipitation and soil moisture data to inspect changes in vegetation and their relation with climatic variables in Sagarmatha National Park (SNP). Our study revealed that the greenery contributors, forests, shrubs, grasslands and agricultural lands had increased during period of 2000-2018. These changes was due to reverse effect of both precipitation and soil moisture. In light of these findings, we assured that the greenery of the park was well preserved during these 18 years. Our research provided ecological and social implication for the SNP region as plan and polices regarding wellbeing of both vegetation and local dwellers could be formulated based on vegetation condition of park.

Cite this article as: Sadrish Dabadi , Gulfam Hussain, Ranjana Regmi;  Temporal annual and seasonal NDVI variation of Sagarmatha national park, Nepal and its relationship with precipitation and soil moisture;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 136-151, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887414

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Importance of chemical laboratories in public schools authorized by higher education institutions: A case study of school students and teachers
Azra Soomro, Faiza Hisbani, Imtiaz Ali Mallah, Quratulain Abro, Lutif Rehman, Paras Rani Mahar
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 112-128, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887362
Abstract: This paper presents that chemistry has been identified to be one of the major foundations for the transformation of our national economy, and hence must be accorded adequate attention. In this study, an attempt was made in ascertaining the remote causes for the poor performances reported in recent times in chemistry at the secondary level of education in schools. In this regard the data were collected by comparing two schools, Model school Hyderabad (Elsa Kazi Campus) and Mehran public secondary School Jamshoro from students and chemistry teachers, variables were investigated and the findings showed that the laboratories facilities including equipment and chemicals are not proper. The descriptive method was used which includes Quantitative approach and observation technique. And these all contribute greatly from the response of students and teachers in science subject chemistry in particular. The laboratory experiences have been maintained to promote central science education goals including the enhancement of students understanding of concepts in science (Chemistry) and its applications; scientific practical skills and problem solving abilities; scientific habits of mind, understanding of how science and scientists work, interest and motivation. It is necessary to implement the best planning for the chemistry learning and improve the students learning capabilities.

Cite this article as: Azra Soomro, Faiza Hisbani, Imtiaz Ali Mallah, Quratulain Abro, Lutif Rehman, Paras Rani Mahar;  Importance of chemical laboratories in public schools authorized by higher education institutions: A case study of school students and teachers;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 112-128, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3887362

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Design of RC Series-Parallel Oscillator Circuit
Bokthear Khakee , Shuvo Ahammed, MD Raihan Abu Saem, Shabrina Shanjana Islam
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 90-111, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3877693
Abstract: To produce a large range of audio frequencies especially to produce sinusoidal oscillation in signal generator RC series parallel oscillator plays a major role. Sinusoidal oscillation is constituted of four parts: amplifier circuit, frequency selection network, positive feedback circuit and amplitude stabilization link. The principle is that when the DC power supply is turned off, the frequency reaches the interference signal string and enters the input terminal of the oscillation circuit, and appears at the output terminal of the circuit after amplification. But due to the small amplitude and frequency mixing, they are not the output signals we are looking for. After the signal passes through the frequency selection and positive feedback network, a frequency signal shields other signals, suppresses it and returns to the input end of the amplifier circuit. The circuit loop gain should be slightly greater than 3 to obtain the desired result. This continuous periodic amplification results in distortion of the output signal, and the final image chain can output a sine wave with a fixed frequency, amplitude, and stability.

Cite this article as: Bokthear Khakee , Shuvo Ahammed, MD Raihan Abu Saem, Shabrina Shanjana Islam;  Design of RC Series-Parallel Oscillator Circuit;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 90-111, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3877693

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Brand Positioning by Chinese Mobile phones Brands in Uganda
Karungi Diana Evelyn
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 11-26, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872471
Abstract: It’s no coincidence that a growing number of Africa’s most popular phones are manufactured in China. For years, Chinese mobile manufacturers have had practice in developing affordable smartphones for a growing market. Tecno, Infinix, Itel, Huawei, Oppo, Vivo are major Chinese mobile brands in Uganda. Brand positioning is built on a foundation of great strategies. It plays a crucial role while deciding the strategy of an organization. Chinese companies took initiatives to understand what consumers want, understand what their brand capabilities are and finally understood how each competitor is positioning their brand then they reflect this brand positioning in everything that they did. As a result, Chinese mobile brands have become leading, convenient and affordable mobile phones brand.

Cite this article as: Karungi Diana Evelyn;  Brand Positioning by Chinese Mobile phones Brands in Uganda;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 11-26, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872471

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: The Effect of Product Attributes Toward Customer Satisfaction (Case Study of Telkom Speedy Bandung Area)
Firdavs Sami
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 77-89, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3875790
Abstract: The Internet is growing very rapidly throughout the world, especially in Indonesia. TELKOM is one of the internet service provider in Indonesia. Telkom launched its Internet product named Speedy. Therefore, TELKOM very concerned about customer satisfaction. The way to maintain customer satisfaction Telkom Speedy is to measuring the level of customer satisfaction of speedy. Method of measuring the level of customer satisfaction is the Important Performance Analysis and Path Analysis. By using Path analysis will be able to see the relationship between variables. The results of Path Analysis will be seen how much influence directly or indirectly between variables. After that it will continue to Important Performance Analysis to determine about indicator that need to be improved as expected service and perceived service. Using the Service Quality model, this study aimed to examine the impacts of service reliability, service assurance, performance, responsiveness, extended service, customer empathy, appearance and reputation aspects on customer satisfaction. A total population of this study is subscriber of Speedy Bandung in year 2013 for this research 145,207 customers and out of that author took a sample of 100 respondents. The method used in this research are explanatory method and quantitative method as the basic foundation for doing research. In this research, the author aims to identify the relationship between X/cause variable (eight selected factors influencing Customer’s Satisfaction with service quality) and Y/effect variable (Customer Satisfaction). Sample convenience is the way to use the sampling technique with 100 respondents separated to customers of Telkom Speedy Bandung who are the subscribers of it. Extended Service is the highest of classification assessment and categorized as good which is got 81.5% perceived by customers. Speedy should focus on maintaining service reliability, service assurance, performance, responsiveness, extended service, appearance, and reputation.

Cite this article as: Firdavs Sami;  The Effect of Product Attributes Toward Customer Satisfaction (Case Study of Telkom Speedy Bandung Area);  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 77-89, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3875790

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Development of HBV Model and its application in Asian High Mountain Basins
Aaditya Dawadi, Jagdish Dotel, Dibit Aryal, Nitesh Khadka, Bina Ghimire
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 55-76, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3875783
Abstract: : The snow accumulation and its melting in high mountain basins are highly affected by climate change due to which the hydrological modeling is being more important to understand the regime. Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV), is a hydrological model for daily runoff simulation, particularly applied in high mountain basin, which is enormously popular with many researchers. That is why, this review article attempts to express a brief overview of the HBV model applications and feasibility in Asian high mountain basins. Overall, the research supported that the model simulation with its calibration and validation process carried out with the measured discharge which ultimately believed to be helpful in reducing the errors. In addition, the review has concluded that improving model structure, the calibration process, model equation and, satellite or radar-based precipitation data as a complement to station gauge could significantly improve general runoff simulation and prediction. Thus, HBV model seems to be in a great shape for Asian high mountain basins with minor additional adjustment. Likewise, the sources of error in the runoff simulation are the indistinctness causing inaccuracy in the meteorological forecasts. Further work is essential to understand why some catchments display a similar behavior by sharing good parameter sets to HBV model.

Cite this article as: Aaditya Dawadi, Jagdish Dotel, Dibit Aryal, Nitesh Khadka, Bina Ghimire;  Development of HBV Model and its application in Asian High Mountain Basins;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 55-76, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3875783

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Glaciers, glacial lakes and glacial lake outburst floods in the Khumbu region, Nepal
Tina Rai, Mukesh Rai
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 27-42, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872556
Abstract: Climate changes have a direct impact on glaciers that ultimately results in glacial retreat, creating a high risk from catastrophic glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs). The GLOFs are glacier disaster, which is the result of sudden discharge of large volume of water with debris from proglacial or supraglacial lakes in valley downstream. The research on glaciers would give the light on the increasing effect of climate change as glaciers are the sensitive indicator of climate change and create the mitigations for the damages of it. Here, the information regarding the glaciers, glacial lakes and GLOFs in the Khumbu region were reviewed from previous studies. This gives a general overview of the Khumbu region and its glacial components.Khumbu region is one of the most glacierized regions with the ‘Khumbu glacier’, the largest glacier of Nepal. The retreating of glaciers in the Khumbu region is also evidenced by the increase in glacial lakes and leading to the potential danger GLOFs which result in destruction of downstream settlement. The mitigating measures needs to implement immediately to prevent future GLOFs prone destructions.

Cite this article as: Tina Rai, Mukesh Rai;  Glaciers, glacial lakes and glacial lake outburst floods in the Khumbu region, Nepal;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 27-42, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872556

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Assessing the Impact of Chinese Investment in Africa; A Case Study of Developmental Projects in Ghana
Ransford Fahene , Dr. HE Baocheng
Vol 3, Issue 6 ; June 2020
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 43-54, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872598
Abstract: The main purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of Chinese financing projects on various indicators in Africa and the economic development of the countries. To achieve the required objectives of the study, the study included the descriptive statistical research design which comprises of the qualitative and quantitative procedures for data gathering and analysis. The sample size of the study is 180 and the primary data were collected by using the stratified and purposive sampling technique. The study has revealed some major findings namely: (a) according to the mean rank of the characteristics of the Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ghana were found to be influenced to the indirect FDI investment with Chinese SOE, bilateral investment in public projects, and outsource contracts to Chinese Companies; (b) the influence of Chinese finance development on the Ghanaian businesses as rated very important by the respondents are supporting Infrastructure development, improve SMEs relationship development, and competitive impact; (c) the major challenges affecting adversely of Chinese investment in Ghana were found to be as political situation, local prices and inflation, and environmental Issues; (d) the necessary strategies which could improve Chinese investment were identified as seek Chinese FDI to help fund industrial and commercial construction in the private sector, framework for investment to impact on the economy much more, and improving on transparency framework for China FDI. The research study also showed that there has been progress in infrastructural development in Ghana as a result of the Chinese investment. Major policy implications are further deliberated.

Cite this article as: Ransford Fahene , Dr. HE Baocheng;  Assessing the Impact of Chinese Investment in Africa; A Case Study of Developmental Projects in Ghana;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 43-54, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3872598

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  Volume: 3 Issue: 6
Article: Studying the Behavior on Electroplated Diamond Cutting Contrasted to Array Shaft Machining
Mohammed Al Nehari , Guoxing Liang, Waled yahya , Ali Algaradi , Muayad Al Nahari
Vol 3, Issue 6 ;
North American Academic Research, 3(6) 01-13, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3869331
Abstract: The present strategies for assembling super abrasive components bring about a stochastic geometry of abrasives with irregular three dimensional abrasive areas. This paper centers around innovation of micro electrode array and micro opening array created by consolidated micro WEDM and EMM(Electro chemical micro machining) . Procedure of Micro WEDM(wire electrical release granulating) innovation for micro electrode array manufacture is surveyed Working effectiveness of utilizing micro electrode array and single electrode to machine micro gap array by Micro EDM is thought about, the previous has higher proficiency. At that point 10X10 micro-gap arrays are manufactured by 10X10 square microelectrode array of 40um high by EMM, the breadth of single opening is about 100um and profound is 30um. Influenced by duplication blunder and rehashed mistake of EMM, the microopening array show evident roundabout. New innovation of enormous scale micro electrode array and micro opening array manufactured by joined micro WEDM and EMM is end up being practical and high effective.

Cite this article as: Mohammed Al Nehari , Guoxing Liang, Waled yahya , Ali Algaradi , Muayad Al Nahari;  Studying the Behavior on Electroplated Diamond Cutting Contrasted to Array Shaft Machining;  North American Academic Research, 3(6) 01-13, 2020, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3869331

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