North American Academic Research

NAAR is an international, open access journal, published weekly online by TWASP.
Online ISSN: 1945-9098
Impact Factor : 3.75 (2023) 
5-Year Impact Factor: 4.6 (2023)
Acceptance rate: 42% 
Submission to first decision: 2 days

 

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December 2022 Total article: 11


  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: A Ratio-Based approach to identifying the most basic feasible solution to bottleneck transportation problems
E. M. D. B. Ekanayake, E. M. U. S. B. Ekanayake
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 112-127 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522835
Abstract: The most frequently studied topic in operational research and computer science is the transportation problem. In general, it is considered here how to reduce the overall cost of transporting goods from each source to another source. But in the case of transportation, transportation costs are only one important factor that is considered. Many other elements must be considered in transportation for real-world applications. The challenge of time-saving transportation provides a powerful foundation for identifying better ways to deliver items to consumers on time. This model was built with the goal of decreasing transportable time. The problems based on transportation time are known as "bottleneck transportation problems (BTP)" or time minimizing transportation problems. The literature attests that various algorithms have been presented to obtain a basic, feasible solution as well as an optimal solution to the BTP. Through this research paper, we hope to introduce a new algorithm to obtain a basic, feasible solution to a bottleneck transportation problem. For that, the new algorithm was built based on the ratio of the unit times in each cell to the total time in the transportation table. By using this method, a basic, feasible solution can be easily obtained for balanced and unbalanced BTPs. The initial solution obtained by using this algorithm is an optimal or near-optimal value. This new algorithm is a relatively effective method that can be easily understood.

Cite this article as: E. M. D. B. Ekanayake, E. M. U. S. B. Ekanayake;  A Ratio-Based approach to identifying the most basic feasible solution to bottleneck transportation problems;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 112-127 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522835

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: H.H. Munro’s The Lumber Room: A Lacanian Reading
Durage Tharushi Navodya Fernando
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 106-111 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496637
Abstract: The association of psychoanalysis and literature is a common thing which comes for a long period. This paper attempts to discuss the engagement of Lacanian concepts of psychoanalysis with H.H Munro’s (Saki) one of the notable short stories “The Lumber Room”. The story depicts the powerful imaginative power of the main character named Nicholas and his authoritative aunt. The main character: Nicholas’ aunt draws him into a psychological collapse and he escapes from that affliction, with the support of his imaginative power. As the methodology it is followed the method of textual analysis, giving attention to the protagonist’s traumatic experience of The Lumber Room and his imaginative power under Lacanian psychoanalytic criticism. Therefore, the keen attention is given only for Lacan’s concepts, not for the ideas which generated by the father of psychoanalysis: Sigmund Freud. Further the study provides a clear alignment on the character Nicholas, his traumatic experience which undergoes due to his aunt and how he escapes using his affluent imagination collaborating psychoanalytic criticism of Jacques Lacan. Finally, the story is observed through the Lacanian perspective in order to fulfill the objective of the study.

Cite this article as: Durage Tharushi Navodya Fernando;  H.H. Munro’s The Lumber Room: A Lacanian Reading;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 106-111 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496637

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: For high tech industry to find physical characteristics of thin clad layer of Stellite-6 (Cobalt Base Alloys) deposited by laser cladding
Muhammad Usman, Tauqeer Ahmad, Ahmad aqrab ul, Musheer Ahmad, Muhammad Umair
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 64-77 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7480360
Abstract: This research was aimed at the development of production methods and tools needed to achieve a high degree of reliability and integrity of laser cladded components manufactured at high production rate. These targets can be realized by understanding the laser/materials interactions during laser cladding. A thin surface layer of cobalt- based alloys (Stellite-6) was deposited on mild steel substrates by a coaxial laser cladding process. This process could produce a thin surface layer of less than 0.71 mm with low energy input. Laser-clad Stellite-6 specimens exhibited refined dendritic microstructure. There are interdendritic eutectics which consist of either small-scale carbides or compounds which are intermetallic and randomly distributed in a cobalt-rich solid solution, unlike the lamellar structure as observed in conventional weld overlays. The hardness values of the laser-clad layers were generally higher than those of conventional welding deposits owing to the refined effect. The wear and corrosion resistance of S-6 specimens were considerably better .Experimental results indicated that wear and corrosion characteristics of the Stellite-6 specimen were excellent; however, Proper powder feed rate and preheating were required to avoid cracking in the laser cladding process. Moreover, several approaches and steps were taken to identify the optimal process conditions to produce satisfactory clad layers with desired hardness and low residual stresses to avoid defects and Cracking and distortion.

Cite this article as: Muhammad Usman, Tauqeer Ahmad, Ahmad aqrab ul, Musheer Ahmad, Muhammad Umair;  For high tech industry to find physical characteristics of thin clad layer of Stellite-6 (Cobalt Base Alloys) deposited by laser cladding;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 64-77 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7480360

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: Preparation and characterization of cationic soap-washing agent and its working mechanism for the removal of unfixed dyes for reactive dyed cotton fabrics
Md Samsul Islam, Gang Wang, Lei Yang
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 96-105 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496615
Abstract: Reactive dyes have better properties in terms of color fastness and are mostly used for the coloration of cotton fabric. However, reactive dyes always tend to be hydrolyzed during the dyeing process and approxi-mately 1/4th gets hydrolyzed which is responsible for de-creasing the color fastness of the finished fabric. This hy-drolyzed dye adheres to the substrate and keeps on get-ting removed during washing treatments causing poor wash fastness. So, after dyeing is completed, an effective wash should be carried out by using an appropriate soap-washing agent to remove those additional unfixed dyes in order to get the best washing efficiency. Thus, the soap-washing agents play a significant role in the removal of unfixed dyes as well as increase overall washing efficiency. Hence, in this article, our aim is to develop effective cationic soap-washing agents through the copolymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone with N-vinyl imidazole

Cite this article as: Md Samsul Islam, Gang Wang, Lei Yang;  Preparation and characterization of cationic soap-washing agent and its working mechanism for the removal of unfixed dyes for reactive dyed cotton fabrics;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 96-105 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7496615

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: Uzbek Khan Atlas and Snipe
Boltabaeva Nodira, Yu Wansuo
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 91-95 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7487431
Abstract: Khan-atlas is a traditional Uzbek fabric made of dense silk fabric. The fabric has interesting complex weaves, and its dyeing is carried out with natural multi-colored dyes. The classic traditional Uzbek fabric khan-atlas is closely connected with the Uzbek culture and history, reflecting the national specifics of the Uzbek people. This research paper is devoted to the study of the history of the Uzbek fabric Khan Atlas. Particular attention is paid to such aspects as: description of the fabric produced according to the traditional technology of the silkworm abra-ikat; the uniqueness of the technique and design of the Uzbek striped fabric— "atlas"; Separation of Avra fabrics by type of raw material; the use of these fabrics in everyday life. The paper tries to show that the Uzbek atlas and adras have become part of the world cultural heritage.

Cite this article as: Boltabaeva Nodira, Yu Wansuo;  Uzbek Khan Atlas and Snipe;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 91-95 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7487431

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: Impact of Public parks in fighting Climate change in Rwanda
Guillaume Niyontezeho, Sissoko Bourema, James Ngabo
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 78-90 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7487411
Abstract: Public parks are important to urban environments, residents, and visitors. Among other functions, they provide environmental services, in the era where the earth is facing challenges of climate change that are caused by global warming public parks can play a significant role in reducing the climate change effects. This paper identifies the development of public parks in the east African region, particularly in the country of Rwanda Kigali city. The paper argues that the continual growth of Kigali city should not be a hindrance to the development of parks. A number of factors are important to consider when building efficient parks, these include park accessibility, park usability and park sustainability. The paper concludes by offering policy suggestions as to how to resolve the dearth of parks and green spaces in the city region.

Cite this article as: Guillaume Niyontezeho, Sissoko Bourema, James Ngabo;  Impact of Public parks in fighting Climate change in Rwanda;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 78-90 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7487411

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: An efficient method to solve minimum spanning tree problem using graph theory and improved ant colony optimization algorithm
K.P.O.Niluminda, E.M.U.S.B.Ekanayake
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 34-43 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7459058
Abstract: A specific type of graph G is a spanning tree. A spanning tree is produced when all of the vertices of a connected undirected graph G are connected by the fewest number of edges possible. For a graph, there may be several such spanning trees. However, the term "Minimum Spanning Tree" (MST) refers to a connected, edge-weighted, undirected network that has all of its vertices connected, is cycle-free, and has the least amount of total edge weight. Several algorithms have been developed by researchers to find MST. Prim’s and Kruskal's algorithms are famous algorithms developed to find the MST of an undirected connected graph. In 1990, the Ant Colony Opti-mization (ACO) approach developed and it has been solely motivated by the foraging behavior of ant colonies. Ants are eusocial insects that want to thrive and survive as a group rather than as a single species. Pheromones, touch, and sound are the main means of communication between them. The ants release pheromones, which are organic chem-ical substances that cause other members of their species to act socially. In this study, we proposed a new probability-based algorithm to find the MST of undirected connected graphs using an improved ACO algorithm. The proposed method is then shown using numerical examples and compared with existing MST algorithms. We get outcomes that are on par with those of the algorithms developed by Prim and Kruskal.

Cite this article as: K.P.O.Niluminda, E.M.U.S.B.Ekanayake;  An efficient method to solve minimum spanning tree problem using graph theory and improved ant colony optimization algorithm;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 34-43 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7459058

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: A structural model for analyzing supply chain risks from the standpoint of the Chinese and Bangla-deshi apparel industries
Janiefer Jabbar Jesha, Ma Jiaqi, Jourge Shovon Biswas, Mahmuda Akter
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 57-63 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7469917
Abstract: A structural model for analyzing supply chain risks from the perspectives of China and Bangladesh Supply chain networks are becoming more and more vulnerable to ambiguities and challenges in the current business envi-ronment. The global reach of the supply chain networks in China and Bangladesh for the ready-to-wear (RMG) busi-ness leaves it vulnerable to escalating risks and disruptions. This study aids in the creation of fresh methods for risk assessment in order to pinpoint implementation difficulties in the apparel and textile supply chain between China and Bangladesh. Focus on how risk assessment can be used in these two nations to control social risks at the supplier level. A hierarchical structural model was developed using an interpretive structural modeling (ISM) method to achieve this. Additionally, MICMAC (Matriced' Impacts Cruoses Multiplication Applique an un Classement) analy-sis was utilized to classify the dangers according to driving and dependency power. The results showed that disrup-tion risk was the most important risk in the RMG market. The results of this study will help industrial managers take the necessary remedial action to lower supply chain risks in the apparel industry.

Cite this article as: Janiefer Jabbar Jesha, Ma Jiaqi, Jourge Shovon Biswas, Mahmuda Akter;  A structural model for analyzing supply chain risks from the standpoint of the Chinese and Bangla-deshi apparel industries;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 57-63 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7469917

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: The moderating effect of national culture on the nexus between green innovation and financial performance: Evidence from Nigeria
Ursule Yvanna Otek Ntsama, Chen Yan, Jean François Bakendakan Manga
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 44-56 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7459197
Abstract: The main objective of this article is to study the possible presence of non-linear relationships between green innovation and the financial performance of companies by considering possible threshold effects that can be estab-lished by the national culture. Our empirical strategy consists in using the panel smooth transition regression model, developed by (1)(Gonzalez et al. 2017). The choice of this model is motivated by the advantages it offers over classical linear models, used in most existing studies assuming that green innovation has an invariable impact on financial performance. Based on the study of a sample of Nigerian companies, the empirical results reveal a U-shaped rela-tionship between green innovation and market value. Our study provides evidence that green product and process innovation is only financially profitable when a threshold level of national culture is achieved.

Cite this article as: Ursule Yvanna Otek Ntsama, Chen Yan, Jean François Bakendakan Manga;  The moderating effect of national culture on the nexus between green innovation and financial performance: Evidence from Nigeria;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 44-56 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7459197

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: Internal and external environment of Bangladesh textile industry strategy
Md Motaher Hossain
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 01-16 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454443
Abstract: Bangladesh's textile industry is a vital part of the Country's Economy. It's the world’s second exporter of apparel behind China, with a rapidly growing readymade western wear garment industry. Because of its vast popu-lation, high garment machinery, extended area, low labor cost, and government policy. The country maintains its position as the second-largest readymade apparel cloth exporter. For many years, various researchers have also adopted different methods and approaches to their research. This analysis can help you better understand your or-ganization’s environment. The research examined how information is perceived and used as a strategic resource for successful company performance and competitive advantage in Bangladesh’s high-performance textile sector. Fi-nally, this study sheds light on the possibility of addressing issues and enhancing Bangladesh's textile industry.

Cite this article as: Md Motaher Hossain;  Internal and external environment of Bangladesh textile industry strategy;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 01-16 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7454443

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  Volume: 5 Issue: 12
Article: Kruskal’s algorithm for solving the both balanced unbalanced acceptable and prohibited route transportation problems
K.P.O.Niluminda, E.M.U.S.B.Ekanayake
Vol 5, Issue 12; December 2022
North American Academic Research, 5(12) 17-33 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7457110
Abstract: A Transportation Problem (TP) involves figuring out how to effectively use the resources of “m” supply stations to meet the needs of “n” demand places while also maximizing efficiency. In general, a variable cost of de-livering the goods from one supply location to a demand point or a similar limitation should be taken into consider-ation while trying to discover the optimum solution. Products are manufactured by businesses at sources, which are then shipped to customers at destinations. Each supplier may only transport a certain amount of the goods, and each client destination must receive the minimum amount. Direct shipments from a source to a destination are the only feasible ones. In general, "Classical Transportation Problems (CTP)" are problems with the aforementioned criteria. These problems are due to the transportation of a homogenous good from several supply sites to various demand locations. Prohibited Route Transportation Problem (PRTP) is a special type of TP. Transporting things from one location to another may not be practicable if circumstances like traffic laws, hazardous conditions on the road, etc. occur.

Cite this article as: K.P.O.Niluminda, E.M.U.S.B.Ekanayake;  Kruskal’s algorithm for solving the both balanced unbalanced acceptable and prohibited route transportation problems;  North American Academic Research, 5(12) 17-33 December 2022, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7457110

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