Archive: August 2025

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: Enhancing Resilience in Modular Construction Supply Chains: Drivers, Strategies and Innovations for Improvement

SAMBY BOKOLE Eugène Marcel, Han Yanhu
December 2025, Volume 8, Issue 8
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 301-304. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18123405

Show Abstract

Abstract: This paper addressed the question of the Modular construction that has been emerged as a transformative approach in the construction industry, offering benefits such as reduced project timelines, cost efficiency, and improved quality control. However, its supply chain remains vulnerable to disruptions caused by material shortages, logistical delays, labor constraints, and external shocks such as pandemics and geopolitical instability. The research investigates the drivers of resilience in modular construction supply chains (MCSCs) as well as identifies key strategies for improvement, and explores innovative solutions to enhance robustness. Using a mixed-methods approach—including case studies, surveys, and simulation modeling—this study also evaluates resilience-enhancing mechanisms such as digital technologies (e.g., Building Information Modeling (BIM), blockchain, and IoT), supplier diversification, inventory optimization, and agile project management. The findings contribute to a framework for resilient MCSCs, offering actionable insights for industry practitioners and policymakers.

Cite this article as: SAMBY BOKOLE Eugène Marcel, Han Yanhu; Enhancing Resilience in Modular Construction Supply Chains: Drivers, Strategies and Innovations for Improvement; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 301-304. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18123405

Open PDF Direct Download View: 157 Total Downloaded: 48

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: Application of Single Factor and L9 Taguchi Experimental Design Analysis Based on Organic Cotton Fabric Dyeing Process with Reactive Dye and Explore the Optimized Parameters

Sadli Bin Jadid , Warisa Khan , Sharmin Akter Sumi , Abdur Rahman Robin , Pappu Chowdhury , Ridoy Bonik , Rayan Ahmed Arik
Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2025
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 203-215. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17378934

Show Abstract

Abstract: In this research the dyeing behavior of organic cotton knit fabric samples dyed by Exhaust dyeing technique with reactive dyes were investigated. Fabric samples were dyed with reactive dyes; NOVAKOR YELLOW (0.5%, 1% & 2% o.w.f) using exhausts dyeing method. The samples were Exhaust dyed at varied temperature 55 ᵒC, 60 ᵒC and 65 ᵒC and time 25 min, 30 min & 35 min. Furthermore, for optimizing the dyeing behavior, the samples were causticized by pad batch method and then dyed with reactive dyes at varied temperature (55 ᵒC, 60 ᵒC and 65 ᵒC) and time (25 min, 30 min & 35 min). It has been revealed that organic cotton fabric dyed using exhaust method at Shade% 2% ,Temp 65 ᵒC for 35 min & Soda 2g/l gives highest colour strength value, excellent wash fastness, deeper dye diffusion, and less surface deterioration. Moreover, causticized and then dyed sample gives excellent dyeing behavior even at 60ᵒC for 30 min; almost half the dyeing time. Hence dyeing of organic cotton fabric samples using exhaust method saves energy, time and cost.

Cite this article as: Sadli Bin Jadid , Warisa Khan , Sharmin Akter Sumi , Abdur Rahman Robin , Pappu Chowdhury , Ridoy Bonik , Rayan Ahmed Arik; Application of Single Factor and L9 Taguchi Experimental Design Analysis Based on Organic Cotton Fabric Dyeing Process with Reactive Dye and Explore the Optimized Parameters; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 203-215. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17378934

Open PDF Direct Download View: 244 Total Downloaded: 58

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: China's Direct Investment in Pakistan: A Risk Management Framework

Salma Neelofar, Wang Sonjiang, Tamoor Azam, Memoona Nilofar, Sadia Nelofar
Vol 8, Issue 8; August 2025
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 118-128. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17177448

Show Abstract

Abstract: This paper investigates the influencing factors of China's Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Pakistan and proposes a Risk Management Framework (RMF) to attract China's FDI. With the help of a thorough study of literature, major influencing factors were identified. Regression analysis was used to figure out how the selected factors influence China's FDI in Pakistan. The results show that the impact and significance of each variable on China's FDI in Pakistan are different. Based on the results, the variables of GDP and Per Capita Income are significant at the 0.1 level in relation to China's total FDI inflow to Pakistan. While bilateral trade volume, exchange rate, infrastructure development, and demand for FDI in Pakistan are significant at the 0.05 level, they are not significant at the 0.01 level, unlike China's total FDI inflow to Pakistan. The labor force in the FDI sector in Pakistan is significant at the 0.01 level. However, the impact of the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on China's total FDI inflow to Pakistan is not significant. Based on the results, the paper suggests a Risk Management Framework (RMF) for the policy makers. The framework involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks associated with the significant factors influencing FDI.

Cite this article as: Salma Neelofar, Wang Sonjiang, Tamoor Azam, Memoona Nilofar, Sadia Nelofar; China's Direct Investment in Pakistan: A Risk Management Framework; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 118-128. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17177448

Open PDF Direct Download View: 196 Total Downloaded: 65

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: Anomaly Detection for HIDS Using Machine and Deep Learning at Ethiopia's Ministry of Finance

Anbessea Nardos Gebru
Vol 8, Issue 8; August 2025
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 129-144. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17177610

Show Abstract

Abstract: In today’s digital landscape, safeguarding sensitive data, especially in critical sectors like finance, is vital. This study aims to enhance Host Intrusion Detection Systems (HIDS) at Ethiopia’s Ministry of Finance using machine learning and deep learning techniques. It compares different methods of supervised and unsupervised learning to identify the most effective method for detecting threats with the Ministry’s datasets. Various algorithms, including Random Forest and XGBoost for feature selection, and techniques like SMOTE for imbalanced classes, were employed. In supervised learning, methods like Random Forest, Decision Tree, KNN, XGBoost, Nave Bayes, Logistic Regression and SVM were evaluated. In unsupervised learning, techniques like Isolated Forest, LOF, One-class and SVM were explored. The analysis revealed notable performance, with supervised models achieving perfect accuracy 100%, particularly SVM. The Isolated Forest algorithm stood out in unsupervised learning with a 99% accuracy. Deep learning, especially the denoising autoencoder, showed promising results, achieving a lower Reconstruction error of 0.17.

Cite this article as: Anbessea Nardos Gebru; Anomaly Detection for HIDS Using Machine and Deep Learning at Ethiopia's Ministry of Finance; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 129-144. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17177610

Open PDF Direct Download View: 329 Total Downloaded: 69

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: Comparison of functional outcome following Dynamic Hip Screw versus Proximal Femoral Nail stabilization of stable intertrochanteric fractures

Ram Binay Chaudhary, Brajesh Kumar Thakur, Pratik Silwal, Kumar Shambhaw
Vol 8, Issue 8; August 2025
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 113- 117. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17132679

Show Abstract

Abstract: Background: Stable intertrochanteric fractures are commonly treated with either Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) or Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN). The optimal implant for early functional recovery, complications and reoperation rates remains a matter of debate. This study compared functional outcomes and complication profiles of DHS versus PFN in a 2- year single-center cohort. Methods: 284 consecutive patients with stable intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31-A1 and selected A2 without extreme comminution) treated at MIHS Janakpur between 01/2023 and 12/2024 were enrolled. Choice of implant (DHS vs PFN) was according to treating orthopedic surgeon preference and fracture configuration; baseline characteristics were recorded. Primary outcome was Harris Hip Score (HHS) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included operative time, estimated blood loss, time to radiographic union, complications (cut-out, nonunion, infection), and reoperation. Statistical tests: Student’s t-test for continuous variables, chisquare or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables; p<0.05 considered significant. Results: 148 patients received DHS and 136 received PFN (total n=284). Mean age was 67.2±9.5 years (DHS) vs 66.1±9.0 years (PFN) (p=0.317). Mean operative time was significantly longer for DHS (65±12 min) than PFN (55±10 min), p<0.001. Estimated blood loss was greater for DHS (250±80 ml) vs PFN (120±50 ml), p<0.001. Mean HHS at 12 months was 78.5±10 (DHS) vs 82.3±9.2 (PFN), p=0.001. Overall complication rate was 13.5% (20/148) in DHS vs 8.8% (12/136) in PFN (p=0.289). Reoperation rate was 5.4% (8/148) DHS vs 2.9% (4/136) PFN (p=0.461). Time to radiographic union was similar (14.5±3.0 weeks DHS vs 13.8±2.8 weeks PFN, p=0.06). Conclusions: In this 2-year cohort from MIHS Janakpur, PFN was associated with shorter operative time, less intraoperative blood loss and modestly better functional outcome (HHS at 12 months) compared with DHS for stable intertrochanteric fractures. Rates of complications and reoperations were numerically lower with PFN but did not reach statistical significance. Both implants provide acceptable outcomes; implant choice should consider patient factors and orthopedic surgeon experience.

Cite this article as: Ram Binay Chaudhary, Brajesh Kumar Thakur, Pratik Silwal, Kumar Shambhaw; Comparison of functional outcome following Dynamic Hip Screw versus Proximal Femoral Nail stabilization of stable intertrochanteric fractures; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 113- 117. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17132679

Open PDF Direct Download View: 367 Total Downloaded: 97

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Article: Impact of Digital Transformation on Strategic Management in Enterprises: A Review

Mammedov Suleyman , Mammedova Ayjahan
Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2025
North American Academic Research, 8(8), 103-112. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17074898

Show Abstract

Abstract: Digital transformation has emerged as a pivotal driver of organizational change, altering the foundations of strategic management in enterprises. This review synthesizes recent literature on how emerging technologies—such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data analytics, automation, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT) - are reshaping strategic planning, decision-making, and competitive advantage. It highlights how these technologies enable data-driven strategies, foster innovation, and create sustainable value, while also introducing challenges such as cybersecurity risks, cultural resistance, and ethical dilemmas. The paper concludes by outlining future research directions and managerial implications, emphasizing that digital transformation is not merely a technological upgrade but a strategic imperative for long-term competitiveness.

Cite this article as: Mammedov Suleyman , Mammedova Ayjahan; Impact of Digital Transformation on Strategic Management in Enterprises: A Review; North American Academic Research, 8(8), 103-112. doi: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17074898

Open PDF Direct Download View: 335 Total Downloaded: 88

August 2025 Total article: 6

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract

Volume: 8 Issue: 8

Show Abstract